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Embroidery
In all the times of national crafts of Chuvashia embroidery was one of most mobile and prospering thing. The embroidery is one of the basic kinds of the Chuvash national fancy of art. The creations of ancient good hands came to us from depth of centuries are perfect, amazing a sight with grace and beauty of the embroidered patterns, filigree work of their execution. The Chuvash good hands knew a plenty of seams and perfectly owned the engineering of embroidery. They created the unique patterns on a simple homespun canvas by woolen and silk strings.
Everything was decorated with embroidery: surpany (a kind of caftans ) and masmaks (belts), female shirts and dressing gowns.
The subjects decorated with embroidery, played the important role in ritual and cult ceremonies. The marks of ancient runic character, patrimonial marks symbols are kept in the design elements.
Fancy art embodied in itself spiritual riches and art culture of the people.
The national originality of the Chuvash embroidery consists in wide use of the geometrical design, and also in special landscape, which development was connected to preserve the owner against malicious spirits, and then began to decorate his clothes.
The primary colours of embroidery are all shades of red - from dark - claret up to rose-red, and black. As addition the various green, dark blue and yellow shades were used.
The feature of the Chuvash embroidery - is that on the both parties of a fabric (basically white) is an identical figure. The combination of "dense" and "rare" seams is also characteristic for it.
In the Chuvash embroidery there are more than thirty types of seams, which were carried out both on a white canvas, and on red painted basis. The embroidery was executed on homespun canvas with wool yarns and strings from a vegetative fibre of the spinning. People also embroidered with crayons . On the market they bought silk damp and painted in home conditions. Sometimes they apply silver and gold strings, especially at embroidering of highly artistic attires - masmaks, surpans and sara (national Chuvash dress).
Cotton and linen strings were used in large and less valuable embroideries. Such types of seams were frequently used, as a list, slanting stitch, iron, tambour. They found the application on surpans and sara, wedding shawls, coverlets the bride, on embroided aprons, top clothes, keske, masmaks, zone order sars, on a female shirt aman enchi keske etc.
The Embroidery of the Chuvash people has left bright traces in oral national creativity - in wedding songs the bride, legends etc
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